After Earnings, Is Verizon Stock a Buy, a Sell, or Fairly Valued?

Verizon Communications VZ reported its fourth-quarter 2024 earnings on Jan. 24. Here is Morningstar’s take on Verizon’s results and the outlook for the stock.

Key Morningstar Metrics for Verizon Communications

• Fair Value Estimate: $53.00
• Morningstar Rating: ★★★★
• Economic Moat: Narrow
• Morningstar Uncertainty Rating: Medium

What We Thought of Verizon’s Q4 Earnings

Verizon delivered modest growth during the fourth quarter, with wireless service revenue increasing 3.1% year over year. Net postpaid wireless customer additions improved slightly from a year ago. Free cash flow was strong during the quarter but benefited from the sale of wireless towers.

Why it matters: Verizon remains content to cede most, but not all, wireless market growth to T-Mobile TMUS, AT&T T, and cable companies. Critically, the firm remains confident it can increase prices and still add customers, with another round of rate changes announced earlier this month.

• Postpaid phone net additions increased to 568,000 during the quarter from 449,000 last year but would have been flat excluding Verizon’s “second number” offering. We expect rivals added more than 2 million during the period, continuing to gradually chip away at Verizon’s market share lead.
• Revenue per consumer postpaid wireless accounts increased 4% year over year to $140. By our calculation, higher prices and the adoption of premium offerings drove nearly 80% of this growth. Continued success with fixed-wireless broadband delivered most of the remainder.

The bottom line: We don’t expect to materially change our fair value estimate of $53 per share. With Verizon trading more than 20% below this figure, we believe the stock is the most attractive of the three major US wireless carriers.

• The favorable structure of the US wireless industry is the primary basis for our narrow moat rating on Verizon. We expect smaller rivals T-Mobile and AT&T to gradually gain share, limiting Verizon’s growth. Management expects wireless service growth of 2.0%-2.8% in 2025 versus 3.1% in 2024.

Between the lines: Free cash flow hit $19.8 billion in 2024, up from $18.7 billion in 2023. The sale of wireless towers in December inflated operating cash flow by $2 billion. However, Verizon also made $600 million in severance payments and absorbed $3.3 billion of additional taxes during the year.

Fair Value Estimate for Verizon

With its 4-star rating, we believe Verizon’s stock is undervalued compared with our long-term fair value estimate of $54 per share, which is roughly 8 times our 2024 EBITDA forecast. Our valuation also implies an 8% free cash flow yield based on the firm’s performance in 2023. Higher cash taxes and interest costs will likely offset business growth and lower capital spending in 2024, leaving free cash flow roughly flat for the year.

We expect Verizon will gradually lose postpaid wireless market share over time as it prioritizes pricing stability rather than growth. Smaller rivals T-Mobile and AT&T have similar network resources and should be able to attract roughly the same number of customers each quarter as Verizon. This parity should naturally cause the firms’ market shares to slowly converge. With a rational competitive environment allowing for stable service pricing and increasingly modest phone credits, we expect revenue per postpaid customer will grow steadily in the coming years.

Read more about Verizon Communications’ fair value estimate.

Economic Moat Rating

Verizon’s narrow moat stems from cost advantages in its wireless business and the industry’s efficient scale characteristics. The firm has organized its business along customer lines, but we believe it is best understood along wireless and fixed-line dimensions. The wireless business produces about 70% of service revenue but contributes nearly all of Verizon’s profits. We estimate wireless returns on invested capital were about 16% before 2021. With heavy investment to acquire additional spectrum in the C-band auction and subsequent spending to put that spectrum to use, we estimate wireless returns on capital have declined to the low-double digits, still leaving Verizon ahead of its cost of capital.

Verizon, AT&T, and T-Mobile dominate the US wireless market, claiming over 90% of retail postpaid phone customers. Solid nationwide coverage requires heavy fixed investments in wireless spectrum and network infrastructure. While a larger customer base does require incremental investment in network capacity, a significant portion of costs are either fixed or more efficiently absorbed as network utilization reaches optimal levels in more locations.

Read more about Verizon Communications’ economic moat.

Financial Strength

Verizon took on more than $65 billion of incremental debt in 2014 to finance the purchase of Vodafone’s 45% stake in the Verizon Wireless joint venture. Following that transaction, net debt increased to $106 billion, or 2.5 times EBITDA, prompting downgrades from the major credit rating agencies. At the time, management pledged to reduce leverage and reach its pre-buyout credit rating of A- within five years, which would have likely required net debt of less than 2 times EBITDA. The firm failed to meet this commitment, with dividends, acquisitions, and spectrum purchases offsetting cash flow.

Verizon paid dividends totaling $11 billion in 2023, equal to about 60% of free cash flow. Management expects net leverage to begin declining as it uses excess cash to reduce net debt. We still don’t expect the firm to hit the high end of its leverage target for the next year or so, depending on how much secured debt it issues. Management has said it will consider share repurchases once unsecured debt reaches 2.25 times EBITDA.

Read more about Verizon Communications’ financial strength.

Risk and Uncertainty

Our Medium Uncertainty Rating reflects the volatility we think Verizon investors face relative to our global coverage. Verizon primarily sees regulatory and technological uncertainties. Wireless and broadband services are often considered necessary for social inclusion in employment and education. If Verizon’s services are deemed insufficient or overpriced, especially in response to weak competition, regulators or politicians could intervene.

Recent media reports have highlighted potential risks related to lead-sheathed cables commonly deployed in telecom networks into the 1960s. The liabilities and costs associated with removing these cables, if deemed necessary, are unknown today.

Read more about Verizon Communications’ risk and uncertainty.

VZ Bulls Say

• A focus on network strength over the past 15 years has put Verizon in an enviable position. Its wireless network provides the broadest coverage in the industry, and its reputation with customers is sterling.
• With the largest customer base in the US, Verizon Wireless is the most efficient carrier in the industry, delivering far better profitability than its rivals.
• Verizon is relentlessly pushing forward in its core business, expanding its fiber optic network and deploying 5G wireless technology.

VZ Bears Say

• Wireless technology is dramatically lowering the cost to build and maintain a network. Rival carriers have rapidly deployed new spectrum and technology to add coverage and capacity. Verizon’s network leadership is a thing of the past.
• Verizon’s fixed-line business is a disaster, earning minimal profits and facing years of high costs necessary to support these declining businesses.
• Verizon’s balance sheet isn’t the fortress it once was. Paying down debt will limit strategic flexibility and shareholder returns. Liabilities tied to lead-sheathed cable could add another headache.

This article was compiled by Gautami Thombare.